Lottery is a form of gambling wherein players pay a small amount of money (usually a ticket) in exchange for the chance to win a prize, which may be anything from a lump sum of cash to goods or services. States, counties, or cities establish lotteries and delegate the responsibility for organizing and running them to a lottery commission or board. A state’s lottery division may license and train retail clerks to use lottery terminals, distribute prizes, redeem winning tickets, provide a variety of customer service functions, assist retailers in marketing, and supervise the conduct of lotteries.
While the term is often used to refer specifically to a game of chance, the word also describes any other arrangement in which one person receives a benefit or prize without paying for it. This includes arrangements for subsidized housing units, kindergarten placements, and room assignments at universities, among many others.
Until the early part of the 20th century, lotteries were a popular way for governments to raise funds. During this period, states were able to expand their array of services without having to impose especially burdensome taxes on the middle class and working class.
Although lottery revenues are not as transparent as the rates of a normal tax, they are still a significant source of state income. They are also a common and convenient way to raise money for special projects, such as building the British Museum or repairing bridges. While the abuses of lotteries strengthen those who oppose them, they are a useful tool for raising money when a state needs it.